Policy Optimization with Second-Order Advantage Information

Policy optimization on high-dimensional action spaces exhibits its difficulty caused by the high variance of the policy gradient estimators. We present the action subspace dependent gradient (ASDG) estimator which incorporates the Rao-Blackwell theorem (RB) and Control Variates (CV) into a unified framework to reduce the variance. To invoke RB, the algorithm learns the underlying factorization structure among the action space based on the second-order gradient of the advantage function with respect to the action. Empirical studies demonstrate the performance improvement on high-dimensional synthetic settings and OpenAI Gym's MuJoCo continuous control tasks.